Reinforced concrete construction.



J. H. KNIGHT. REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.17, 1909.

Patented June 14,1910.

2 SHEET8-SHEET 1.

lvi tmeo a eo ANDREW a GRAHAM c0 moro-Lrmocmmzns, WASHINGTON. n. a

J. H. KNIGHT. REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.17, 1909.

Patented June 14, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ANDREW a. GRAHAM coy. PHOTD-UTHOGRAPNEHS. wsmmncm, 5.6.

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JAMES HARMEZR. KNIGHT, OF WESTTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HARMER KNIGHT, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of VVesttown, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Reinforced Concrete Construction, of which thefollowing is a specification, accompanied by drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in reinforced concreteconstruction and also to the forms or cores to be combined with theconcrete. The forms or cores are hollow for molding air spaces inmonolithic concrete walls and the construction is such that all parts ofthe wall surface are protected by added air spaces or cells, so thatheat, cold and dampness cannot penetrate to the inner surface. Toaccomplish this object in a simple and inexpensive manner in a singlewall, a double row of air spaces should be provided in which the spacesor cells of one row are wider than and overlapping the intervals betweenthe air spaces or cells in the adjacent row.

The invention relates particularly to monolithic concrete constructiondistinguished from molded cement blocks, and I am enabled to construct awall without undue thickness, thus saving expense.

One of the chief aims of the invention is to do away with the usual moreor less complicated and costly supports for holding the cores formolding the air spaces, because these supports interfere with pouringand tamping the concrete mixture and require more skill and ingenuity inuse than is ordinarily available in most localities, as in the case ofthe erection of farm buildings, in which concrete is advantageouslyused.

The simplicity of my invention enables my construction to be set up bythe usual farm 1 borer with a little intelligent direction which can befurnished in the form of rinted instructions or in other ways.

The tubular or box-shaped form or core which forms the basis of theinvention, is preferably of plain or perforated sheet metal and thesehollow cores can be placed in courses as each course of concrete is laidand remain permanently embedded in the wall. The first course of thesecores or air cells is preferably anchored to the footing course by anysuitable means, as by pins located and driven into the concrete beforethe mixture is set, or by attaching the core Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed March 17, 1909.

Patented June 1%, 1910.

Serial No. 483,981.

to reinforcing rods. The usual wood or iron forms may be used formolding the outside and inside surfaces of the wall, but theconstruction of the outside surfaces forms no part of the presentinvention. The first course of concrete or wall mixture is poured andtamped to within a few inches of the top of the cell forms. When thislayer has set sufliciently to pour the next layer, another course of aircells is telescoped over the top of the previous course and suitablysecured thereto, and this method of construction is continued to the topof the wall.

The invention consists of the construction shown in the accompanyingdrawings,

in which Figure 1 is an elevation in perspective, partly broken away,illustrating the method of laying the first row of cores or air cells;Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the second course of cores in placeupon the first course; Fig. 3 illustrates the arrangement of the coresaround and over an opening; Fig. 4 is a top plan View illustrating thearrangement of cores at the corner of a wall; Fig. 5 illustrates an opentubular form of core; Fig. 6 is a top plan view of a closed form ofcore; Fig. 7 is an inside view of one section of a core; Fig. 8 is aninside view of one section of an open form of core of continuous airspaces; Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the core shown in Fig. 8 having lapjoints; Fig. 10 is a top plan View of a modification having a differentform of joint; Fig. 11 is a view of the temporary cover used for thecores, while pouring concrete; Fig. 12 is a vertical transversesectional view through a wall construction, illustrating different formsof holding the sections of the core together; Fig. 13 is a sideelevation of a wall construction showing the use of reinforcing rods inconnection with the cores; Fig. 14L is a horizontal sectional view takenthrough Fig. 13.

Referring to the drawings, Figs. 5 to 10 inclusive illustrate differentforms of cores or air cells and the remaining figures illustrate modesof using said air cells in reinforced concrete construction.

The simplest form of cell is that shown in Fig. 5 which is an open tubeof cylindrical or flattened form.

In Figs. 6 and 7 the closed form of core is shown comprising twosections A and B having the inturned flanges C around three lie oppositeeach other when the sections are assembled. The projecting portions Dand G of the cores may be pressed out of the body of the metal itselfand this is the preferable form of construction.

In Fig. 10 the construction is similar to that shown in Fig. 9 with theexception that the flanges C on each section are longer than theopposite flanges C and bent into hook-shaped form, forming a modifiedlap joint. In using the open sections, temporary covers H are providedfor preventing concrete from filling the walls.

In building a wall in accordance with this invention, the first course Jof concrete 1s laid as indicated in Fig. 1 and provided with sets ofpins K over which the cores AB or C-D are adapted to be placed. Thepairs of pins K are staggered, so that the cores are staggered, asillustrated in Fig. 2, after they have been set in place and embedded inconcrete or other cementitious material. The second course of cores A-Bis then telescoped over the first course of cores and more concretepoured around the same, leaving the upper ends projecting to enable thethird course to be provided, and so on until the wall is completed.

In Fig. 3 the cores AB are shown arranged around an opening in the wall,as a window. In this case reinforcing rods L are preferably providedwith cores on top of the opening and the cores are supported on theserods and embedded in concrete. The cores A-B at the side of the openingare also embedded in concrete.

The hollow projections D of the sections may be provided with woodenblocks 0 as shown in Fig. 12 and a nail P or other fastening deviceprovided for securing the core sections together. The core sections mayalso be held together by means of a coil of wire Q as shown in Fig. 12.

In Figs. 13 and 14 vertical reinforcing rods S are shown to which thecores may be connected, thus holding the cores in vertical alinement andholding the sections of the core together. In this construction amodification of the core is used in which the side flanges instead ofbeing continuous are cut away in the form of ears R and bent intohook-shaped form to grasp the reinforcing rods S, thus holding the coresin place. These reinforcing rods may be lighter than in ordinaryconstruct-ions on account of the reinforcement provided by the coresthemselves.

The sections of the cores are of standard construction forming units, sothat any two units or sections will fit together to form a completecore. Furthermore the units or sections of any particular construction,as Fig. 6 or Fig. 9, will nest together, thus taking up a small amountof space for'transportation. When the unit sections are received at theplace they are to be used, they may be unpacked and the desired numberof cores formed by placing parts of sections together.

According to this invention each cell is complete in itself and isself-supporting in the wall. The cells are independent of outside wallforms and interior supporting cores are obviated. The cells arepreferably of thin material, insuring the maximum air space with minimumthickness of wall. The top of the air space is definitely controlled bythe interior separators in each section. The cores are reinforcedagainst collapsing and they materially reinforce the wall, be-

cause the concrete interlocks in the depressed portions of the sections.

The claims herein for the form or core being held to relate to aseparate invention from the concrete construction combining such core,this latter subject matter is excluded as a separate invention.

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

1. A unit section for a hollow core for reinforced concrete constructioncomprising the body portion having side flanges bent at an angle theretoand spacing projections projecting inwardly from the body portion.

2. A sheet metal unit section for hollow cores for reinforced concreteconstruction comprising a body portion having side flanges and interiorspacing projections.

, 3. A sheet metal unit section for a hollow core for reinforcedconcrete construction comprising a body portion having side flanges andinterior. cup-shaped projections formed out of the body of the metal.

4. A hollow reinforcing form or core of box like shape for reinforcedconcrete construction comprising a plurality of cooperating unitsections, said unit sections being open at at least one end.

5. A hollow reinforcing form or core of box like shape for reinforcedconcrete construction comprising a plurality of cooperating unitsections, said unit sections being open at at least one end and providedwith interior spacing projections.

6. A hollow reinforcing core of flexible material for reinforcedconcrete construc tion, comprising a plurality of similar unit sectionsprovided with side flanges and interior projections adapted to lieopposite each other when the sections are assembled.

7 A hollow reinforcing core of thin flexible material for reinforcedconcrete construction, comprising a pair of similar 0pposed unitsections having flanges at each side in the form of ears bent to formhooks, the hooks at each side of one unit section being interlocked withthe opposed hooks on the other unit section.

8.'A hollow core of thin flexible material for reinforced concreteconstruction comprising a plurality of similar unit sections havingflanges at each side in the form of ears bent to form interlocked hooks,and inwardly projecting portion from the body of the sections adapted tolie opposite each other when the sections are assembled.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES HARMER KNIGHT.

Vitnesses ROBERT WV. LLOYD, M. H. Hoon.

